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What is radiosurgery? Radiosurgery is a surgery that uses ionising radiation to destroy precisely selected areas of tissue, usually tumours and cancers. This procedure is specifically called stereotactic radiosurgery. It usually involves a single treatment of very focused radiation beams (gamma rays, X-rays, or protons) in a focused location without a surgical incision or opening. […]

Hemicrania continua is a primary headache disorder which typically affects the side of the head and is continuous. This condition falls under the category of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, a group of headaches that all present unilaterally and which have a mixture of autonomic symptoms distributed along the trigeminal nerve pathway.

Firstly, what even is a tumour? So, a solid tumour is an abnormal mass of cells that grows on human tissue. We call these cells ‘neoplastic’, meaning ‘new growth’ – these growths are neither requested nor required. We usually distinguish between malignant and benign tumours. Cancerous tumours can be malignant, and so they can proliferate […]

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is one of the commonest conditions encountered in spinal surgery, frequently diagnosed when patients start encountering back or leg pain, weakness or changes in sensation. In this article, we shall give a brief overview of what LSS is, what causes it, and how spine surgery can help. What causes LSS? If […]

What is toxoplasmosis? Toxoplasmosis is caused by an infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite which usually occurs through eating undercooked contaminated meat, exposure from infected cat faeces, or mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy. For generally healthy people it doesn’t pose any significant danger, however, in individuals with weakened immune system, babies and pregnant women, it can […]